Imagine a world where every time you accidentally hurt someone—a fender bender, a stray baseball through a window—you just walk away. The injured person has to deal with the mess alone. That would feel unfair, and we’d end up with too many broken windows and dented cars. Tort law is the set of rules that deals with civil wrongs and injuries. It exists to fix this problem. In this chapter, we’ll look at the economic logic behind tort law. We’ll see how it nudges people toward a safer, more sensible level of care.